Spring Boot 예외 처리 전략 - @ExceptionHandler와 @ControllerAdvice

public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException {
    private final ErrorCode errorCode;
 
    public BusinessException(ErrorCode errorCode) {
        super(errorCode.getMessage());
        this.errorCode = errorCode;
    }
}
 
public enum ErrorCode {
    USER_NOT_FOUND(404, "사용자를 찾을 수 없습니다"),
    INVALID_INPUT(400, "잘못된 입력입니다"),
    INTERNAL_ERROR(500, "서버 오류가 발생했습니다");
 
    private final int status;
    private final String message;
}

@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
 
    @ExceptionHandler(BusinessException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleBusiness(BusinessException e) {
        return ResponseEntity
            .status(e.getErrorCode().getStatus())
            .body(new ErrorResponse(e.getErrorCode()));
    }
 
    @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleValidation(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {
        return ResponseEntity
            .badRequest()
            .body(ErrorResponse.of(e.getBindingResult()));
    }
}